Masking as an Indian during Mardi Gras is a long standing tradition in the black community of New Orleans. First mention of the practice dates back to 1746, when it is believed that African slaves dressed up in honor of the Native Americans who helped them escape slavery. It was not until the late 19th century though that the first modern Indian tribe paraded in the city streets, the Creole Wild West.

Initially this respectful homage was true to the actual clothing Indians...
more »

Masking as an Indian during Mardi Gras is a long standing tradition in the black community of New Orleans. First mention of the practice dates back to 1746, when it is believed that African slaves dressed up in honor of the Native Americans who helped them escape slavery. It was not until the late 19th century though that the first modern Indian tribe paraded in the city streets, the Creole Wild West.

Initially this respectful homage was true to the actual clothing Indians wore- as time passed though the "suits" evolved to include a more African, Caribbean, and Hollywood "Indian" look until it reached its present form, a wholly unique garment. Each "suit" is made of intricate hand sewn beading, stones, patches, and feathers that takes all year, or longer, to create and whose materials cost thousands of dollars and weighs up to a hundred pounds. Although suits used to be dismantled after their two appearances in the year (Mardi Gras day and St. Joseph's Day) today suits are mostly preserved, although it is still tradition that each year one must make a totally new suit.

The evolution to elaborate "suits" has its roots in violence. Historically the Indians had used Mardi Gras Day as a convenience- with their ability to don disguises without raising eyebrows, they settled scores in their neighborhoods through fighting and occasionally killing while the police were otherwise occupied. These "Mardi Gras Indians" were dangerous and viewed with respect and fear.

By mid 20th century however the violence abated and the Indians began to show their prowess and battle in another way. Tribes, or "gangs", still confronted one another in the back streets of New Orleans but dancing replaced fighting and superiority over another gang was claimed by having the best songs and the most beautiful "suits", which became more and more ornate.
« less